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KMID : 0367419790200050025
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Journal of Korean Pediatric Society
1979 Volume.20 No. 5 p.25 ~ p.34
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A Statistical Study of Prematurity and Low Birth Weight
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이순일/Lee, Soon Il
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Abstract
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Until 1961, the term "premature infants" had been arbitrarily applied to all small newborn infants (birth weight less than 2, 500gm). This term tends to obscure the influence of other factors on fetal growth. It should be recognized that size at birth is always an uncertain measure of the duration of gestation.
In 1961, the Expert Committee on Maternal and Child health of the W.H.O. urges "that the concept of prematurity in the definition should give way to that of low birth weight". So the phrase "low birth weight" is used for infants who weigh 2, 500 gm or less at birth. And "premature" is used for infant born before thirty-seven weeks from the first day of the last menstrual period.
The paper summarized the result of the data obtained from 915 premature aad 878 low birth weight infants delivered at the maternity ward of Severance Hospital, Ionju Presbyterian Hospital and Wonju Christian. Hospital curing 3 years from 1970 to 1972.
The purpose of this clinical study was to knew about birth rate and mortality rate of premature and lowbirth weight which is associated with state of maternal condition.
Results as fo llows:
1) Incidence of prematurity v.-as 9.6% and low birth weight was 9. "r.%o. When twin births were excluded the incidence of prematurity was 8.36 and low birth weight was 7.9´0. In prematurity, male exceeded the female and in low birth weight, female exceeded the male, but there was statistical significance only in low birth veight.
2) Premature in low birth weight were 58.3% and low birth weight in premature were 56.0%.
3) Premature and low birth weight were most prevalent among mothers under 20 years and over 35 years.
4; Premature and low birth weight were most prevalent among primigravida and multiparity, over 5. Fetal presentation of premature and tow birth weight was more abnormal than that of total live birth, such as breech pretentatio,,, transverse lie and etc.
5) Most of the prinatal maternal obstetrical complications were toxemia and spontaneous
premature rupture of membrane, others were in the as following order: Placenta previa, abruptio placer_ta, I.I.O.C. and etc. Espiciaily, toxemia was more frequent among low birth weight ifant´s mothers than premature mothers.
6) Neonatal ^ortality rate of premature was lower than that of low birth weight. Mortality rate was higher in male than female and more prevalent in cases where the mother had obstetrical complications, about 1.5 times, than where mother did not have complications. The shorter gestation period and lower birth weight, the higher the mortality rate of premature and Iow birth weight infant.
About 80% survival rate was seem where these was over 33 week gestation period and ever 1,75 1~2, 000 gm birth weight. And so, for decrease the mortality, we need to prolong the duration of pregnancy, at least, to over 33 gestation week and birth weight over 1, 750gm.
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